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"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> ACCESS(5) ACCESS(5) NAME access - format of Postfix access table SYNOPSIS postmap /usr/local/etc/postfix/access postmap -q "string" /usr/local/etc/postfix/access postmap -q - /usr/local/etc/postfix/access <inputfile DESCRIPTION The optional access table directs the Postfix SMTP server to selectively reject or accept mail. Access can be allowed or denied for specific host names, domain names, networks, host network addresses or mail addresses. For an example, see the EXAMPLE section at the end of this manual page. Normally, the access table is specified as a text file that serves as input to the postmap(1) command. The result, an indexed file in dbm or db format, is used for fast searching by the mail system. Execute the command postmap /usr/local/etc/postfix/access in order to rebuild the indexed file after changing the access table. When the table is provided via other means such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, the same lookups are done as for ordinary indexed files. Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular- expression map where patterns are given as regular expres- sions, or lookups can be directed to TCP-based server. In that case, the lookups are done in a slightly different way as described below under "REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES" and "TCP-BASED TABLES". TABLE FORMAT The input format for the postmap(1) command is as follows: pattern action When pattern matches a mail address, domain or host address, perform the corresponding action. blank lines and comments Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'. multi-line text A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that starts with whitespace continues a logi- cal line. EMAIL ADDRESS PATTERNS With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from networked tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, patterns are tried in the order as listed below: user@domain Matches the specified mail address. domain.tld Matches domain.tld as the domain part of an email address. The pattern domain.tld also matches subdomains, but only when the string smtpd_access_maps is listed in the Postfix parent_domain_matches_subdomains con- figuration setting (note that this is the default for some versions of Postfix). Otherwise, specify .domain.tld (note the initial dot) in order to match subdomains. user@ Matches all mail addresses with the specified user part. Note: lookup of the null sender address is not possible with some types of lookup table. By default, Postfix uses <> as the lookup key for such addresses. The value is specified with the smtpd_null_access_lookup_key parameter in the Postfix main.cf file. EMAIL ADDRESS EXTENSION When a mail address localpart contains the optional recip- ient delimiter (e.g., user+foo@domain), the lookup order becomes: user+foo@domain, user@domain, domain, user+foo@, and user@. HOST NAME/ADDRESS PATTERNS With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from networked tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, the following lookup patterns are examined in the order as listed: domain.tld Matches domain.tld. The pattern domain.tld also matches subdomains, but only when the string smtpd_access_maps is listed in the Postfix parent_domain_matches_subdomains con- figuration setting. Otherwise, specify .domain.tld (note the initial dot) in order to match subdo- mains. net.work.addr.ess net.work.addr net.work net Matches any host address in the specified network. A network address is a sequence of one or more octets separated by ".". NOTE: use the cidr lookup table type to specify network/netmask patterns. See cidr_table(5) for details. ACCEPT ACTIONS OK Accept the address etc. that matches the pattern. all-numerical An all-numerical result is treated as OK. This for- mat is generated by address-based relay authoriza- tion schemes. REJECT ACTIONS 4NN text 5NN text Reject the address etc. that matches the pattern, and respond with the numerical three-digit code and text. 4NN means "try again later", while 5NN means "do not try again". REJECT optional text... Reject the address etc. that matches the pattern. Reply with $reject_code optional text... when the optional text is specified, otherwise reply with a generic error response message. DEFER_IF_REJECT optional text... Defer the request if some later restriction would result in a REJECT action. Reply with "450 optional text... when the optional text is specified, other- wise reply with a generic error response message. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. DEFER_IF_PERMIT optional text... Defer the request if some later restriction would result in a an explicit or implicit PERMIT action. Reply with "450 optional text... when the optional text is specified, otherwise reply with a generic error response message. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. OTHER ACTIONS restriction... Apply the named UCE restriction(s) (permit, reject, reject_unauth_destination, and so on). DISCARD optional text... Claim successful delivery and silently discard the message. Log the optional text if specified, oth- erwise log a generic message. Note: this action currently affects all recipients of the message. This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. DUNNO Pretend that the lookup key was not found. This prevents Postfix from trying substrings of the lookup key (such as a subdomain name, or a network address subnetwork). This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. FILTER transport:destination After the message is queued, send the entire mes- sage through the specified external content filter. The transport:destination syntax is described in the transport(5) manual page. More information about external content filters is in the Postfix FILTER_README file. Note: this action overrides the main.cf con- tent_filter setting, and currently affects all recipients of the message. This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. HOLD optional text... Place the message on the hold queue, where it will sit until someone either deletes it or releases it for delivery. Log the optional text if specified, otherwise log a generic message. Mail that is placed on hold can be examined with the postcat(1) command, and can be destroyed or released with the postsuper(1) command. Note: this action currently affects all recipients of the message. This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later. PREPEND headername: headervalue Prepend the specified message header to the mes- sage. When this action is used multiple times, the first prepended header appears before the second etc. prepended header. Note: this action does not support multi-line mes- sage headers. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. REDIRECT user@domain After the message is queued, send the message to the specified address instead of the intended recipient(s). Note: this action overrides the FILTER action, and currently affects all recipients of the message. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. WARN optional text... Log a warning with the optional text, together with client information and if available, with helo, sender, recipient and protocol information. This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES This section describes how the table lookups change when the table is given in the form of regular expressions. For a description of regular expression lookup table syntax, see regexp_table(5) or pcre_table(5). Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to the entire string being looked up. Depending on the appli- cation, that string is an entire client hostname, an entire client IP address, or an entire mail address. Thus, no parent domain or parent network search is done, user@domain mail addresses are not broken up into their user@ and domain constituent parts, nor is user+foo broken up into user and foo. Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the table, until a pattern is found that matches the search string. Actions are the same as with indexed file lookups, with the additional feature that parenthesized substrings from the pattern can be interpolated as $1, $2 and so on. TCP-BASED TABLES This section describes how the table lookups change when lookups are directed to a TCP-based server. For a descrip- tion of the TCP client/server lookup protocol, see tcp_table(5). This feature is not available in Postfix version 2.1. Each lookup operation uses the entire query string once. Depending on the application, that string is an entire client hostname, an entire client IP address, or an entire mail address. Thus, no parent domain or parent network search is done, user@domain mail addresses are not broken up into their user@ and domain constituent parts, nor is user+foo broken up into user and foo. Actions are the same as with indexed file lookups. EXAMPLE The following example uses an indexed file, so that the order of table entries does not matter. The example per- mits access by the client at address 1.2.3.4 but rejects all other clients in 1.2.3.0/24. Instead of "hash" lookup tables, some systems use "dbm". Use the command "postconf -m" to find out what lookup tables Postfix supports on your system. /usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf: smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/usr/local/etc/postfix/access /usr/local/etc/postfix/access: 1.2.3 REJECT 1.2.3.4 OK Execute the command "postmap /usr/local/etc/postfix/access" after editing the file. BUGS The table format does not understand quoting conventions. SEE ALSO postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager smtpd(8), SMTP server postconf(5), configuration parameters transport(5), transport:nexthop syntax README FILES SMTPD_ACCESS_README, built-in SMTP server access control DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview LICENSE The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. AUTHOR(S) Wietse Venema IBM T.J. Watson Research P.O. Box 704 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA ACCESS(5)